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EXECUTIVE FUNCTIONS

A Critical Key To Success

Executive Functions: News
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HOW WE LEARN

Executive Functions refer to a set of cognitive processes needed when you have to concentrate and pay attention. Students who struggle with executive functions often have difficulty concentrating and accomplishing tasks; this could include finishing assignments on time or missing important instruction in the classroom (spacing out). There are traditionally 9 key executive functions: Working Memory, Cognitive Flexibility, Inhibitory Control, Planning, Attention, Problem Solving, Reasoning, Initiation, and Monitoring.

RECOGNIZING & UNDERSTANDING

Executive functions are used to plan in the learning environment. They give us the tools we need to know how to move from one task to another in the classroom. When there are weaknesses with executive functioning it affects all complex tasks, particularly learning. As students advance to the higher grades, the increasing complexity of the curriculum requires them to integrate knowledge from multiple sources and tasks become increasingly more complex.  Executive function processes are controlled by the prefrontal cortex, an area of the brain that does not fully develop until the mid-20s. Many young students, especially those with learning and attention difficulties, struggle to utilize executive function processes efficiently.

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SUPPORTING

Here's the good news: Executive functioning develops throughout the lifespan and there's no time limit on when one can start improving executive function skills.  Although we try to recognize executive functioning difficulties before students develop automatized habits, students of any age can benefit from executive functioning support. At Areté, we help learners recognize their unique strengths and weaknesses. With the right support and strategies our students are provided with a road map that teaches them how to use their strengths to circumvent areas that they have difficulties in. We teach students how to implement these tools in the classroom to help them succeed now and in their future years.

Recognizing signs of executive function weaknesses can be challenging. Common signs may include:

  • Not handing in homework or assignments

  • Not being able to organize thoughts into a paragraph

  • Being labeled “lazy”, “hasty” or “disorganized”

  • Difficulty planning multi-step assignments

  • Inconsistent grades

  • Difficulty with long term, open ended tasks such utilizing a planner

  • Over focusing on details and loosing the big picture/theme

  • Difficulty switching from calculating a math problem to checking the answer

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